![]() Others allow for short second-long delays (open transition ATS) or even to run two sources in parallel if you require a power boost (soft loading ATS).įurthermore, you may install your ATS for a myriad of arrangements, whether the setup comprises two power sources (utility-generator, utility-utility, and generator-generator) or three (utility-generator-generator and utility-utility-generator) in more critical sectors. Some ATS systems are specifically designed to feed uninterrupted power (closed transition ATS) in situations where even short blackouts could prove disastrous for adequate service provision (e.g., healthcare). Nevertheless, the one you choose to install would have to be suitable for your daily energy needs. You’ll find a wide range of ATS panels on the market. This guarantees that your appliances will not shut down whenever there is a power outage in your area. All ATS units should meet the UL 1008 safety standard and the various National Electric Code (NEC) standards recommended by your specifier and gen set supplier.An Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) is a “smart” microprocessor-driven instrument that, as its name suggests, shifts from one power source to another for continuous energy delivery. These controls can be either adjusted by the operator or fully preprogrammed at the factory. It also times a cool down period when the engine has been under load. The ATS also provides a timer so the engine runs long enough to warm up fully. It also returns the load to the utility line when utility power is restored. It transfers loads to the gen set when the engine has sufficiently warmed up and the generator has reached operating voltage and frequency. It senses when voltage on the utility falls below predetermined limits, then initiates gen set start-up. The ATS provides several control functions for gen set operation. It operates faster than circuit breaker transfer switches, which reduces transfer time. The contactor type is simpler design that is electrically operated and mechanically held. The circuit breaker type has two interlocked circuit breakers, so only one breaker can be closed any anytime. There are two types of automatic transfer switches, circuit breaker and contactor. In these cases, an optimum time must be decided upon, depending on the various loads. However, switchover from utility to gen set need not be done immediately. They need time for the flux to decay eliminating the possibility of gen set or motor damage.Ĭonversely, equipment such as computers with uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems must also be backed up in case outages exceed the UPS capacity. Motors, when disconnected from power sources, temporarily maintain voltage because magnetic flux continues to be produces by the spinning rotor. Provisions must be made for these short duration overloads in the ATS and protective equipment. Resistive heating loads can consume from three to five times rated currents. Motors starting can consume six to 10 times normal continuous current, so can tungsten and fluorescent lights. Type of load determines the inrush current. The main consideration is continuous current, but inrush and interrupt currents are often overlooked. Switchgear sizing is determined by four factors: Continuous current, inrush current, interrupt current and withstand current. The customer also cannot degrade the safety interlocks and protection devices on the power network. Utilities require that customer connected equipment (including gen sets) must not cause disturbances or degrade the quality of service to other customers on the line. Occasionally, gen set applications require paralleling of generator power with the utility power. The unit must be sized correctly for the loads it serves as well as have the correct protective devices. Many considerations affect ATS selection. This switch must handle overloads for a short period of time while the proper protective relay begins operation. It provides safety to the gen set operator and protects the electrical service and the utility. Proper transfer switch operation is critical to the whole power system. It can and should be used to exercise the gen set.It transfers load from one power source to another.Decommissioning & Equipment Purchasing FAQĪn automatic transfer switch (ATS) forms the interface between the gen set, utility power and the consuming electrical equipment.Decommissioning Services & Asset Recovery.Electrical Distribution Equipment Rentals. ![]()
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